Prostate cancer common in men — don't ignore abnormal symptoms!
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among Taiwanese men, ranking third in incidence and sixth in mortality. The Health Promotion Administration reminds men that symptoms such as abnormal urination, frequent nighttime urination, weak urine flow, or unexplained bone pain should not be ignored. Early medical consultation is crucial for timely detection and treatment.According to the latest statistics, more than 9,000 Taiwanese men were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2022, and around 1,900 died from it in 2024. The disease mainly affects middle-aged and elderly men, with the average age of diagnosis around 70. Risk factors include aging, family history, hormonal changes, high-fat or high–red-meat diets, and environmental influences. Men with a father or brother who had prostate cancer have over double the risk.Experts point out that the “PSA test” (Prostate-Specific Antigen) can provide an initial assessment of prostate health; however, studies worldwide have not confirmed that routine screening reduces mortality. Overreliance on PSA may result in overdiagnosis and overtreatment, causing side effects such as urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, or psychological stress. Therefore, whether to undergo screening should be decided after assessing one’s personal risk and consulting with a physician.The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends that men aged 55–69 discuss screening thoroughly with their doctors, considering personal health, family history, and lifestyle. Screening is not recommended for men aged 70 and above. Doctors emphasize that early-stage prostate cancer often has no obvious symptoms, but once it spreads, it may lead to back pain, bone pain, blood in urine, or weight loss; therefore, symptoms should never be ignored.The Health Promotion Administration encourages prevention through lifestyle changes—quit smoking, exercise regularly, maintain a healthy weight, reduce high-fat diets, and increase intake of lycopene-rich foods and cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage.Men experiencing difficulty urinating, frequent urination, urgency, increased nighttime urination, or unusual bone pain should seek medical evaluation promptly. Early detection, proper treatment, and healthy habits are essential to protecting men's health and reducing the risk of prostate cancer.(Abnormal urination symptoms / News illustration by Canva)