Eggplants are known as the "Emperor's Longevity Vegetable" due to their rich nutrients, which help slow down aging and control blood pressure. According to data from the Council of Agriculture, eggplants come in various shapes and colors, including long, round, and dwarf varieties, ranging from white and green to deep purple and reddish-purple. The most common variety in Taiwan is the reddish-purple long eggplant.
Variety Introduction and Origin
The main varieties of eggplant include "Yanzhi Eggplant" and "Mazhi Eggplant." Yanzhi eggplants are about 25 to 35 cm long, mainly grown in the spring and winter in Kaohsiung and Pingtung, with a delicate and soft texture. Mazhi eggplants, abundant in summer and autumn, can reach 40 to 45 cm and are known for their sweet flavor, with the main production area being Changhua. Both are suitable for steaming, braising, or cold dishes.
In addition, during the summer and autumn, the "Japanese Round Eggplant," known for its short, round fruit and firm texture, is perfect for grilling or tempura. Its primary production area is also in Changhua.
The varieties of eggplant harvested differ with each season. For example, 'Rouge Eggplant' is harvested in spring and winter, while 'Mazhi Eggplant' is harvested in summer and autumn.
Cooking Tips to Maintain Color
Eggplants tend to darken during cooking. The Council of Agriculture recommends two methods to retain their bright purple color. First, briefly deep-fry the eggplant at 160-180°C for about 40 seconds before continuing with other cooking steps. The second method is to blanch the eggplant for 1-2 minutes in boiling water, with the flesh facing upward.
Nutritional Value from a Medical Perspective
Family medicine doctor Wei Shih-Hang points out that eggplants are rich in "rutin" (vitamin P), which helps improve blood circulation, control blood pressure, and slow aging. Rutin, a type of flavonoid, is also beneficial in preventing atherosclerosis. Besides eggplants, asparagus is another excellent source of rutin. Thus, eggplants are not only versatile in the kitchen but also highly nutritious.
