Christmas Festivities in Southern Taiwan! Tainan's "Starlight in Ying" and Kaohsiung's "Forest Tree" Make a Romantic Debut

Oldest human DNA reveals lost branch of the human family tree

Scientists have recovered the oldest Homo sapiens DNA from remains in a cave beneath a castle in Ranis, Germany. The DNA, dated to about 45,000 years ago, belonged to six individuals, including a mother and daughter. These ancient genomes carried traces of Neanderthal ancestry, revealing interbreeding about 1,500 years earlier. This discovery aligns with broader research, suggesting a significant period of gene exchange between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals occurred between 50,500 and 43,500 years ago.The study highlights how genetic inheritance from Neanderthals, especially traits related to immune function, metabolism, and skin pigmentation, helped humans adapt to harsh Ice Age environments. Despite their ancient presence in Europe, the Ranis population eventually went extinct, leaving no trace in modern human ancestry. Their physical traits, including dark skin and eyes, reflected their recent African origins.The research also examined "archaic deserts," regions of the human genome devoid of Neanderthal DNA, likely due to infertility or diseases in hybrid offspring. Neanderthal gene contributions, however, remain crucial to understanding human evolution, particularly as modern humans migrated and adapted outside Africa.The cave where the ancient human remains were found is located beneath a castle in Ranis, Germany. Martin Schutt/picture alliance/Getty ImagesThese findings refine the timeline of Homo sapiens' migration and interbreeding, suggesting that the major wave of human migration out of Africa had concluded by 43,500 years ago. The study underscores the complex story of human evolution, where survival was not guaranteed, and some populations, like Neanderthals and the Ranis group, disappeared. This groundbreaking work offers new insights into our shared history with Neanderthals and the adaptive power of ancient gene exchanges.

Certain foods may disrupt your body's fight against cancer cells, study says

Certain foods high in omega-6 fatty acids may hinder the body’s ability to combat colon cancer cells, according to a new study. Excessive omega-6, commonly found in ultraprocessed foods, could disrupt the anti-inflammatory and tumor-fighting properties of omega-3 fatty acids. This imbalance may create a pro-inflammatory environment conducive to cancer growth.Omega-3s, found in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, as well as in flaxseeds, walnuts, and chia seeds, support immune defense and reduce inflammation. Conversely, omega-6s, present in seed oils used in many processed foods, can promote inflammation if consumed in excess.The study revealed that tumor tissues from colorectal cancer patients contained higher levels of pro-inflammatory omega-6 molecules compared to healthy tissues, which maintained a balance of omega-3 and omega-6. Experts suggest boosting dietary omega-3s to counteract the effects of excess omega-6.Omega-3 EPA and DHA are found in fatty fish.Eating two servings of fatty fish per week, incorporating seeds and nuts into meals, or considering fish oil supplements can help restore this balance. However, consult a doctor before starting supplements to ensure they suit your health needs.

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